(2006 Census 602,575) is the area that forms the eastern part of the City of Toronto, Ontario Canada. It was named by Elizabeth Simcoe in 1796 who was inspired by the Scarborough Bluffs which reminded her of the white cliffs near her home in England. Initially a collection of rural villages it has grown to become a diverse urban community. Over a period of 200 years it grew from a township to a city, but has been part of the East District of Toronto since 1998. The Scarborough name is still used by local residents, and is still recognized by Canada Post by its former municipal name.

Scarborough has characteristics of a suburb of old Toronto, but retains much of its own character and flavour. Certain neighbourhoods in Scarborough are popular destinations for new immigrants to Canada, who bring part of their own culture to that of Scarborough. Because of the topography of the Bluffs, the Rouge Valley and the other creeks and minor tributaries, Scarborough is said to be the greenest and leafiest part of Toronto.

In 2006, Scarborough's population was 602,575, with a density of 3,161 square kilometres (1,220 sq mi). A study based on census data between 1996 and 2001 shows that Scarborough's growth rate was more than 6%, the highest growth in Toronto. Its population is second to North York, but if this trend continues it should be the most populated district in Toronto by 2010.

A significant portion of Scarborough's population is composed of immigrants and descendants of immigrants who have arrived in the last four decades. In 2006, fifty-seven percent of residents are foreign born. Minorites make up 67.4% of the population. South Asian residents make up 22.0% of the population, Chinese residents account for 19.5% of the population, Black Canadian residents make up 10.3% of the population, while Filipino Canadian residents account for 6.5%. The remaining visible minority groups each represent less than 2% of the population. The immigrant population has created vibrant multicultural locales in various areas of Scarborough. One of the more notable among these is the heavy concentration of Chinese businesses and restaurants in the Agincourt neighbourhood. Many of Scarborough's main arteries, including segments of Kingston Road, Eglinton Avenue East and Lawrence Avenue East, feature Caribbean, Chinese and Halal restaurants and shops, as well as businesses representing the other ethnic groups in the area.